CINEX (Clinical Information Extraction) is a comprehensive consensus guideline developed to standardize the process of extracting clinical information from various sources. This guideline provides researchers, clinicians, and data scientists with a structured framework for documenting and reporting clinical data extraction methodologies.

The primary goal of CINEX is to improve the reproducibility, transparency, and quality of clinical information extraction processes. By following this guideline, researchers can ensure that their extraction methods are clearly documented and can be replicated by others in the field.

The CINEX guideline is organized into several key dimensions, each addressing different aspects of the clinical information extraction process:

  • Information model: The structure and representation of clinical information
  • Architecture: The system design and technical framework
  • Data: The source and characteristics of clinical data
  • Annotation: The process and methods for annotating clinical information
  • Outcome: The results and evaluation of the extraction process

The guideline can be used in various ways:

  • As a checklist when designing clinical information extraction studies
  • As a reporting standard for publications
  • As a training tool for researchers new to clinical data extraction
  • As a quality assurance framework for existing extraction processes

The CINEX guideline was developed by an international team of experts in clinical information extraction:

Daniel Reichenpfader, MSc photo
Daniel Reichenpfader, MSc

Institute of Patient-Centered Digital Health, Bern University of Applied Sciences
PhD School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva

Fabio Dennstädt, MD photo
Fabio Dennstädt, MD

Department of Radiation Oncology, Inselspital, Bern, University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland

Jamil Zaghir, MEng, MSc photo
Jamil Zaghir, MEng, MSc

Division of Medical Information Sciences, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland

Prof. Stéphane Meystre, MD, PhD, FACMI, FIAHSI, FAMIA photo
Prof. Stéphane Meystre, MD, PhD, FACMI, FIAHSI, FAMIA

Institute of Digital Technologies for Personalised Healthcare (MeDiTech), University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland (SUPSI), Lugano, Switzerland

Prof. Dr. Kerstin Denecke photo
Prof. Dr. Kerstin Denecke

Institute of Patient-Centered Digital Health, Bern University of Applied Sciences

Boya Zhang, MEng, MSc photo
Boya Zhang, MEng, MSc

Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland

Boris Delange, MD photo
Boris Delange, MD

CHU Rennes, INSERM, LTSI-UMR 1099, Univ Rennes, 35000 Rennes, France

Prof. Douglas Teodoro photo
Prof. Douglas Teodoro

Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland

Anastassia Shaitarova, PhD photo
Anastassia Shaitarova, PhD

Department of Computational Linguistics, University of Zurich, Switzerland

Emmanuelle Sylvestre, MD, PhD photo
Emmanuelle Sylvestre, MD, PhD

Université de Rennes, CHU Rennes, INSERM, LTSI - UMR 1099, F-35000, Rennes, France
CHU Martinique, Centre de Données Cliniques, F-97200, Martinique, France

Elsa Cécilia-Joseph, PhD photo
Elsa Cécilia-Joseph, PhD

Université de Rennes, CHU Rennes, INSERM, LTSI - UMR 1099, F-35000, Rennes, France
CHU Martinique, Centre de Données Cliniques, F-97200, Martinique, France

The CINEX guideline was developed following an established guideline methodology, including a 3-round electronic Delphi (eDelphi) study with domain experts and a final in-person consensus meeting. The development protocol has been published:

Reichenpfader D, Müller H, Denecke K.
Improving the Reporting Quality of Studies on Information Extraction From Clinical Texts: Protocol for the Development of a Consensus-Based Reporting Guideline.
JMIR Res Protoc 2025;14:e76776
DOI: 10.2196/76776
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